Token Economy

On Leviatom network, a node can choose to act in one or many in three roles:

1. Verifiers, who continuously and repeatedly examining the trustworthiness of the surrounding nodes by initiating TEE-oriented verifications to them. They also carry the duty of node discovery. This repeatedly verifications constitute the basic heartbeat of Leviatom, and should be encouraged and rewarded. Leviatom thus implements the "verification as mining" mechanisms, so that the frequent verification computing power contributors will be allocated tokens periodically.

2. Routers, who collect the verification data from the verifiers and disseminate it to other peers. Routers utilise the gossip algorithms to construct the web-of-trust and help determining the "Conspiracy Breaching" model for each node. Routers also help to identify the Leviatom nodes who have specified properties, such trust value, software properties, dat possessions, etc. Routers form the backbone of Leviatom network, they should also get rewarded with "routing as mining".

3. Executers, who execute the Prometh applications as scheduled by the MagCarta contract. The MagCarta's consensus call specifies how the executers will get rewarded, as long as its returned values satisfy the consensus strategy. Since the its execution rights are obtained by contributions in compute power, storages, or bandwidths from verifiers and routers, executers will have to reward these contributions with part of its earned tokens. This mechanism is call "execution as gas" and "verification as gas".

Prometh applications also need the participation of the community for verifying the genuine behaviours of smart contracts or native general-purpose applications. This is achieved by implementing Prometh's component as MagCarta contracts, which ultimately specify the rewards for the selected Leviatom nodes, as long as the Prometh application's providers. Therefore, in the early stage of Prometh system, it is necessary to use the mining mechanism to motivate volunteers. Specifically, developers or security analysts can get mined Tokens when performing the Prometh's program testings and automated analysis of verifications for software source codes (or intermediate binary files).

On the other hand, Prometh can't guarantee complex native applications to have zero vulnerabilities. Its strong audit and trusted traceability system facilitate potential vulnerabilities be discovered and counteracted within a limited time. With this case, the Executors (i.e. Leviatom's third-layer computing power nodes) can convert partial rewards into insurance and deposit it into the insurance contracts. Insurance contract can reward security analysis programs that find program vulnerabilities in Prometh ecosystem. The insurance also compensates Leviatom nodes that get losses due to running potentially vulnerable Prometh programs. Therefore, insurance model can target at data or computing power providers. They can choose to convert partial rewards into insurance to compensate for the undiscovered security risks of local data or computing platforms. Tokens of insurance contracts can be used as rewards for vulnerabilities’ finders, thus building a virtuous circle of cyber-security ecosystem.

A more detailed Trias token system and economic model will be illustrated and published in a separated Token Economics White Paper.